 According to indications from the investigation so far, Greek-speaking peoples migrated to the Greek peninsula in the late 3rd century millennium, to mix with local pre-Hellenic populations and create what we know today as the ancient Greek civilization. In Greece, therefore, had preceded the operators of the agricultural revolution of the late Mesolithic and Neolithic era and then the Early Helladic, Cycladic and glorious Minoan civilization.
Once scholars linking the destruction of the end of the Mycenaean era with the return of the Heraclides and the Dorian invasion, which was passed in memory of the ancient heroic tradition. But today, few would accept the case of such invasion, such as accepted by the ancient Greeks. It is more acceptable theory of temporary disruption due to strikes and the invasion of young women moved to the events of the Early Iron Age (Dark Ages).
By the end of the Early Iron Age, the Greeks divided the tribes already known from the Classical era. The old theory according to which speakers of Achaean and Ionian dialects came in waves in the era of the Greek-speaking descent in Greece is no longer acceptable. Therefore, before the end of the Mycenaean period, we can not talk for a clear separation of the later Greek dialects, but for more than three language groups. The north-Greek and Mycenaean two players, the Arcadian (or Arcadocypriot) and Wind, which was connected to each other. [8]. In other scholars, the two most important dialects in Mycenaean site was Arcadocypriot and Ionic.
During the dark centuries that followed, took place last major upheaval in Greece, namely the Descent of the Dorians. Indeed, the ancient tradition of the arrival of the Dorians has preserved a historic core, as the approximate route from north to south. In this tradition, however, have infiltrated many great details and elements of the political propaganda of the later Greek city-states. Archaeological, possible evidence of the descent of the Dorians is very difficult to measure. Nor is it acceptable that the Dorians were they brought from the northern Balkan use of iron, and is imported from the East [10] It is, however attractive the hypothesis that the Dorians were culturally backward Pastoralists in the margins of the Mycenaean world, who eventually made a strong offensive activity, and they pushed from the north.
By the end of the Doric expansion of the non voreioellinikes dialects Peloponnese Arcadia left alone in the mountains of Arcadia. At that time he had already begun the first Aeolian colonization and colonized the islands of the North Aegean and Aeolia Asia Minor and the Ionian main part of the Aegean and Classical Ionia.
In the second colonization, colonized Halkidiki, Methoni and Pydna from Chalcis and Eretria and Miletus founded numerous colonies in Thrace, the Hellespont and Black Sea. Corinth has consolidated power in the Ionian founding colonies there (Corfu, Epidamnus, Apollonia, etc.). If these added colonization of Magna Graecia (Southern Italy) and Sicily, we can say that in 600 BC, the distribution of the Greeks in the Mediterranean has been completed.
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